Punitive Articles of the Ucmj Article 89 Essay

Any person subject to this chapter who be assimilates with disrespect to state of ward his winner fit out police ships policeman sh either be punished as a try whitethorn direct.Context.(1) That the accuse did or omitted current acts or used accredited language to or concerning a certain commissioned incumbent (2) That much(prenominal) deportment or language was directed toward that officer (3) That the officer toward whom the acts, omissions, or excogitates were directed was the captain commissioned officer of the incriminate (4) That the charge then knew that the commissioned officer toward whom the acts, omissions, or words were directed was the criminates headmaster commissioned officer and (5) That, chthonian the circumstances, the behavior or language was disrespectful to that commissioned officer.Explanation.(1) Superior commissioned officer.(a) Accused and dupe in same armed force. If the accuse and the victim ar in the same armed force, the victim is a p asse-partout commissioned officer of the incriminate when either maestro in set up or look across to the accused however, the victim is non a superscript commissioned officer of the accused if the victim is inferior in omit, even though hypernym in rank.(b) Accused and victim in different armed forces. If the accused and the victim atomic number 18 in different armed forces, the victim is a superior commissioned officer of the accused when the victim is a commissioned officer and superior in the chain of eclipse over the accused or when the victim, not a medical officer or a chaplain, is senior in pattern to the accused and both are detained by a hostile entity so that recourse to the normal chain of command is prevented. The victim is not a superior commissioned officer of the accused merely because the victim is superior in patsy to the accused.(c) Execution of office. It is not necessary that the superior commissioned officer be in the proceeding of office at th e time of the disrespectful behavior.(2) Knowledge. If the accused did not have sex that the person against whom the acts or words were directed was the accuseds superior commissioned officer, the accused whitethorn not be convicted of a infringement of this name. Knowledge may be proved by circumstantial evidence.(3) Disrespect. disrespectful behavior is that which detracts from the respect due the potency and person of a superior commissioned officer. It may consist of acts or language, however expressed, and it is immaterial whether they touch to the superior as an officer or as a hole-and-corner(a) individual. Disrespect by words may be conveyed by disgraceful epithets or early(a) contemptuous or denunciatory language. Truth is no defense. Disrespect by acts acknowledges neglecting the customary salute, or showing a marked disdain, indifference, insolence, impertinence, undue familiarity, or other rudeness in the movement of the superior officer.(4) Presence. It is n ot essential that the disrespectful behavior be in the presence of the superior, but ordinarily one should not be held accountable chthonian this term for what was express or done in a purely private conversation.(5) Special defenseunprotected victim. A superior commissioned officer whose conduct in relation to the accused at a lower place solely the circumstances departs substantially from the required standards appropriate to that officers rank or position under similar circumstances loses the protection of this article. That accused may not be convicted of being disrespectful to the officer who has so lost the entitlement to respect protected by Article 89.Nonjudicial Punishment (Article 15) commanders Tool for Discipline ART. 15. COMMANDING OFFICERS NON-JUDICIAL penalisation(a) Under much(prenominal)(prenominal) regulations as the President may prescribe, and under such additional regulations as may be prescribed by the repository interested, limitations may be pl aced on the powers granted by this article with respect to the kind and touchstone of penalization authorized, the categories of irresponsible officers and warrant officers utilization command authorized to exercise those powers, the applicability of this article to an accused who demands es offer by court-martial, and the kinds of courts-martial to which the case may be referred upon such a demand. However, notwith stand up in the case of a member attached to or embarked in a vessel, punishment may not be enforce upon each member of the armed forces under this article if the member has, before the botheration of such punishment, demanded trial by court-martial in lieu of such punishment.Under similar regulations, rules may be prescribed with respect to the fracture of punishments authorized by regulations of the Secretary concerned, a commanding officer utilisation general court-martial jurisdiction or an officer of general or flag rank in command may delegate his powers under this article to a principal assistant. (b) Subject to subsection (a) any commanding officer may, in addition to or in lieu of reproof or reprimand, impose one or much(prenominal) of the following disciplinal punishments for minor offenses without the intervention of a court-martial (1) Upon officers of his command(A) Restriction to certain qualify limits, with or without suspension from duty, for not to a great extent(prenominal) than 30 square geezerhood (B) if obligate by an officer exercising general court-martial jurisdictions or an officer of general flag rank in command (i) arrest in quarters for not more than 30 concomitant old age (ii) forfeiture of not more than one-half of one calendar months gift per month for ii months (iii) restriction to certain specified limits, with or without suspension from duty, for not more than 60 full-strength geezerhood (iv) clutches of not more than one-half of one months reach per month for three months (2) upon other personnel of his command(A) if oblige upon a person attached to or embarked in a vessel, parturiency on net income and water or diminished rations for not more than three consecutive days (B) correctional durance for not more than septette consecutive days (C) forfeiture of not more than seven-spot days pay(D) reduction to the next inferior pay scotch, if the grade from which demoted is within the promotion ascendancy of the officer imposing the reduction or any officer confederate to the one who imposes the reduction (E) plain duties, including frighten off or other duties, for not more than 14 consecutive days (F) restriction to certain specified limits, with or without suspension from duty, for not more than 14 consecutive days (G) detainment of not more than 14 days pay(H) if imposed by an officer of the grade of study or lieutenant commander, or above (i) the punishment authorized under clause (A)(ii) correctional custody for not more than 30 consecutive days (iii) forfeiture of not more than one-half of one months pay per month for devil months (iv) reduction to the lowest or any intermediate pay grade, if the grade from which demoted is within the promotion authority of the officer imposing the reduction or any officer subordinate to the one who imposes the reduction, by an enlisted member in a pay grade above E-4 may not be reduced more than two pay grades (v) supererogatory duties, including fatigue or other duties, for not more than 45 consecutive days (vi) restriction to certain specified limits, with or without suspension from duty, for not more than 60 consecutive days (vii) clutch of not more than one-half of one months pay per month for three months.Detention of pay shall be for a state period of not more than one year but if the offenders term of service expires earlier, the detention shall terminate upon that expiration. No two or more of the punishments of arrest in quarters, parturiency or bread and water or diminished rations, correctional custody, extra duties, and restriction may be combined to run consecutively in the maximum criterion impossible for each. Whenever any of those punishments are combined to run consecutively, there essential be an apportionment. In addition, forfeiture of pay may not be combined with detention of pay without an apportionment. For the purpose of this subsection, correctional custody is the visible restraint of a person during duty or non-duty hours and may intromit extra duties, fatigue duties, or hard labor. If practicable, correctional custody impart not be served in immediate association with persons awaiting trial or held in confinement pursuant to trial by court-martial. (c) An officer in charge may impose upon enlisted members assigned to the unit of which he is in charge such of the punishment authorized under subsection (b)(2)(A)-(G) as the Secretary concerned may specifically prescribe by regulation.(d) The officer who imposes the punishment au thorized in subsection (b), or his successor in command, may, at any time, suspend probationally any part or amount of the unexecuted punishment imposed and may suspend probationally a reduction in grade or forfeiture imposed under subsection (b), whether or not executed. In addition, he may, at any time, remit or mitigate any part or amount of the unexecuted punishment imposed and may set aside in whole or in part the punishment, whether executed or unexecuted, and restore all rights, privileges and property affected. He may also mitigate reduction in grade to forfeiture or detention of pay. When mitigating (1) arrest in quarters to restriction(2) confinement on bread and water or diminished rations to correctional custody (3) correctional custody confinement on bread and water or diminished rations to extra duties or restriction, or both or (4) extra duties to restriction the mitigated punishment shall not be for a greater period than the punishment mitigated. When mitigating forf eiture of pay to detention of pay, the amount of detention shall not be greater than the amount of the forfeiture. When mitigating reduction in grade to forfeiture or detention of pay, the amount of the forfeiture or detention shall not be greater than the amount that could have been imposed ab initio under this article by the officer who imposed the punishment mitigated.(e) A person punished under this article who considers his punishment unjust or disproportionate to the offense may, through proper channels, appeal to the next superior authority. The appeal shall be promptly forwarded and decided, but the person punished may in the meantime be required to undergo the punishment ad legal expertd. The superior authority may exercise the same powers with respect to punishment imposed as may be exercised under subsection (d) by the officer who imposed the punishment. Before acting on appeal from a punishment of(1) arrest in quarters for more than seven days(2) correctional custod y for more than seven days(3) forfeiture of more than seven days pay(4) reduction of one or more pay grades from the fourth or a higher pay grade(5) extra duties for more than 14 days(6) restriction for more than 14 days or(7) detention of more than 14 days pay the authority who is to act on the appeal shall refer the case to a judge advocate or a lawyer of theDepartment of Transportation for esteem and advice, and may so refer the case upon appeal from any punishment imposed under subsection (b). (f) The imposition and enforcement of disciplinary punishment under this article for any act or omission is not a bar to trial by court-martial for a serious abuse or offense growing out of the same act or omission, and not properly punishable under this article but the detail that a disciplinary punishment has been enforced may be shown by the accuse upon trial, and when so shown shall be considered in determining the measure of punishment to be adjudged in the event of a finding of gu ilty. (g) The Secretary concerned may, by regulation, prescribe the form of records to be kept under this article and may also prescribe that certain categories of those proceedings shall be in writing. CUSTOMS4-1. The legions has its own tradition, both official and social. Some have been handed down from the distant past age others are of relatively recent origin. Those impost that endure stand on their own merits. As a long set up social organization, the Army observes a spell of customs that add to the interest, pleasure, and benignancy of Army life.Often it is these customs and traditions, contrasted to the civilian eye but solemn to the soldier, that keep the man in the uniform going in the unexciting times of peace. In war they keep him fighting at the front. The fiery regimental spirit lovingly polished over decades and centuries possesses him in the face of the enemy. The soldier fights for the regiment, his battalion, his company, his platoon, his section, his comrade.4-2. A custom is an established practice. Customs include positive actions-things you do, and taboos-things you avoid. All established arts, trades, and professions, all races of people, all nations, and even different sections of the same nation have their own practices and customs by which they govern a part of their lives.4-3. Many Army customs compliment procedures required by military courtesy, while others add to the graciousness of garrison life. The breach of some Army customs merely brands the offender as ignorant, careless, or ill bred. Violations of other Army customs, however, will impart official censure or disciplinary action. The customs of the Army are its common law. These are a few * Never criticize the Army or a leader in public.* Never go over the heads of superiors-dont jump the chain of command. * Never offer excuses.* Never relegate a superiors rank by saying something like, the set-back sergeant wants this done now, when in fact the first sergeant said no such thing. Speak with your own voice. * Never turn and qualifying away to avoid giving the hand salute. * Never run at heart or pretend you dont hear (while driving, for example) to avoid standing reveille or retreat. * Never appear in uniform while under the influence of alcohol. * If you dont know the answer to a superiors question, you will never go wrong with the response, I dont know sir, but Ill find out.COURTESIES4-4. address among members of the Armed Forces is vital to maintain discipline. Military courtesy means smashing manners and politeness in dealing with other people. Courteous behavior provides a basis for developing good human relations. The distinction amongst civilian and military courtesy is that military courtesy was developed in a military atmosphere and has become an integral part of fortune in uniform.4-5. most forms of military courtesy have some tete-a-tete in civilian life. For example, we train soldiers to say sir or maam when talking to a higher ranking officer. Young men and women are sometimes taught to say sir to their fathers or maam to their mothers and likewise to other elders. It is often considered good manners for a younger person to say sir or maam when speaking to an older person. The use of the word sir is also common in the business world, such as in the salutation of a letter or in any well-ordered institution.4-6. Military courtesy is not a one-way street. Enlisted personnel are expected to be courteous to officers and likewise officers are expected to relent the courtesy. Mutual respect is a vital part of military courtesy. In the final analysis, military courtesy is the respect shown to each other by members of the same profession. Some of the Armys more common courtesies include rendering the hand salute, standing at attention or butt on rest, or even addressing others by their rank.